Word – a group of some meaningful alphabets is called a word. It must contain any one of the vowel letters or even a consonant with the vowel sound. “I” and “A” are exceptions because they complete and meaningful in single letter.
Words, which are, divided in different word classes according to their nature and uses like nouns, verbs, adverbs and so on and they can be interchanged in different words classes as required.
A word comes from a basic form, which is known as a root word.
We can word classes by many ways such as –
·
Joining
two or more words
Ex: - Blackboard (Noun)
Black + board
Black is an adjective while board is a noun.
·
By
changing the body of the root words
Ex: - Advice - (Noun)
Advise – (Verb) – There we can see the change in consonant.
· With the help of various prefixes or suffixes
Ex: - Usefulness (Noun) Use (Verb) + ful + ness (suffix)
Misunderstood (adjective) Mis (Prefix) + understood (verb)
These types of words can be grouped under three categories.
1. Compound words: - formed by joining two or more words.
2. Primary Derivatives: - formed by making some changes in the body of the root word.
3. Secondary Derivatives: - formed by an addition to the beginning or at the end of the word.
Compound words
Compound Nouns
1. Noun + Noun
Moonlight
2. Adjective + Noun
Sweetheart
3. Verb + Noun
Breakfast
4. Gerund + Noun
Writing table
5. Adverb/Preposition + Noun
Overcoat
6. Verb + Adverb
Drawback
7. Adverb + Noun
Income
Compound Adjective
1. Noun + Adjective/ Participle
Sky-blue
2. Adjective + Adjective
Lukewarm
3. Adverb + Participles
Everlasting
Compound Verbs
1. Noun + Verb
Typewrite
2. Adjective + Verb
Whitewash
3. Adverb+ Verb
Upset
Forming Noun from verb by adding: -ER, OR, ION, ING, MENT, AL
1. Play + er = player
2. work + er = worker
3. sing + er = singer
4. sell + er = seller
5. collect + or=collector
6. inspect + or = inspector
7. act + or = actor
8. sail + or = sailor
9. connect + ion = connection
10. attract + ion = attraction
11. protect + ion = protection
12. build + ing = building
13. repair + ing=repairing
14. move + ment = movement
15. approve + al = approval
Forming noun from adjectives by adding: -NESS, DOM, TH, RY
1. Weak + ness = weakness
2. Fresh + ness = freshness
3. Kind + ness = kindness
4. Free + dom = freedom
5. Wise + dom = wisdom
6. True + th = truth
7. Brave + ry = bravery
8. Slave +ry = slavery
Forming
adjective from nouns by adding: - FUL, LY, LESS, EN, OUS, ABLE, ISH
1. Fear + ful = fearful
2. Harm+ ful = harmful
3. Mercy + ful = merciful
4. Hope + ful = hopeful
5. Week + ly = weekly
6. Body + ly = bodily
7. Year + ly = yearly
8. Care + less = careless
9. Use + less = useless
10. Mercy +less = merciless
11. Wool + en = woolen
12. Silk + en = silken
13. Gold + en = golden
14. Danger + ous = dangerous
15. Courage + ous = courageous
16. Comfort + able = comfortable
17. Value + able = valuable
18. Fool +ish = foolish
Forming
adverbs fro adjectives by adding: - LY,
ILY
1.
Brave + ly = bravely
2. Slow + ly = slowly
3. Happy + ily = happily
Forming adverbs from nouns by adding:
- FULLY, ILY
1. purpose + fully = purposefully
2. Anger + ily = angrily
Forming nouns from noun by adding: - DOM, ER, HOOD, IAN, RY SHIP
1. Village - village + r = villager
2. Farm – farm + er = farmer
3. Office -office + r = officer
4. Boy – boy + hood = boyhood
5. Music– music + ian = musician
6. Library library + ian = librarian
7. Slave – slave + ry = slavery
8. Poet poet + ry = poetry
9. Friend friend + ship = friendship
10. Scholar scholar+ship=scholarship
